Final Cruise Report, Marine Species Monitoring & Lookout Effectiveness Study Unit Level Training, July 2012, Southern California Range Complex
Authors: Watwood et al
Year published: 2012
File size: 3,173.84 KB
About
In order to train with mid-frequency active sonar (MFAS), the United States (U.S.) Navy has obtained a permit from the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) under the Marine Mammal Protection Act and a Biological Opinion under the Endangered Species Act. The Southern California Range Complex (SOCAL) Monitoring Plan, implemented in January 2009, was developed with NMFS to comply with the requirements under the permits. The monitoring plan and reporting requirements provide science-based answers to questions regarding whether or not marine mammals are exposed and react to Navy MFAS.
